Nickel and tattoos: Where are we?
نویسندگان
چکیده
Tattoos are not mentioned as a source of exposure to nickel. Traces nickel are, however, almost inevitably found in tattoo inks impurities and sometimes tattooed skin. Whether tattoos has any health consequence is debated. We performed narrative review what currently known about this topic. Today, frequently detected inks, but at highly variable levels. It appears be higher concentrations green, blue, brown violet inks. Only allergy individuals nickel-associated ink addressed the literature. Reports related rare heterogenous. Authors often neglect possible implications other metals or dyes. A positive patch test enough confirm role reaction observed after tattooing. no report systemic complication attributed from tattoos. The Council Europe bans presence high levels which safety net for with allergy. Large epidemiologic case–control studies systematic biopsies on normal inflamed testing would help understand allergies.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Contact Dermatitis
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['0105-1873', '1600-0536']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.13869